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3 Sheets-Sheet 1. J. HASSALL & M. M. SMITH.

(No Model.)

WIRE NAIL MACHINE.

PatentedJune 9, 1885 X L v I WZZIZQJJeJ;

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3 Sheets-Sheet 2.

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J. HASSALL 8: M. MI.v SMITH.

WIRE NAIL MACHINE.

' Patented June 9, 1885..

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J. HASSALL & M. M. SMITH.

WIRE NAIL MACHINE.

Patented June 9, 1885.

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JOHN HASSALL AND MINARD M, SMITH, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

WIRE-NAIL MACHINE.

BPECIEICATEON forming part of Letters Patent No. 319,485, dated June 9, 1885.

Application filed May (5, 1884. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, JOHN HASSALL and MINARD M. SMITH, citizens of the United States, residing at New York, in the county of New York and State of New York, have in .vented certain new and useful Improvements therein, for the purpose of obtaining greateraccuracy and uniformity in the result; and also of mechanism for removing the finished nail with more certainty of operation than heretofore attained; and also of such mechanism and arrangement of the parts as shall make the body of the nail rough, bearded, or spiral, without the necessity of rehandling the material, as shown in the accompanying drawings, of which- Figure l is a plan view of a machine as in operation. Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the machine as shown in Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a sectional View taken upon line as 90, showing the cutting-off dies, holding-dies, and their connections.

Similar letters refer to similar parts.

In this machine the wire as drawn from a coil passes through a straightening mechanism to an apparatus for milling, roughening, or bearding it, and thence to a pair of feed-jaws, which, seizing the wire, carry it forward the proper distance to make a nail. From the feedjaws the wire passes between the holdingdies or grippers, which grip the wire firmly, supporting it against the blow of the header. Then the nail is headed, the holding-dies re lax their grip, the feed-jaws advance the wire the proper distance, and the cutting and pointin g dies close, cutting off and shaping the point at one operation, when the nail is struck by the knocker-off and drops from the machine, all and several of which operations must be so adjusted and timed relatively to each other as to work without interference and without delay. For this purpose these various mechanisms are mounted upon a suitable bed or frame, A, upon a part, a, of which a carriage, B, is fitted to slide to and fro.

Upon the carriage B are secured, by bolts,

screws, or other suitable fastenings, a set of.

straighteningrolls, I11), and also a pair ofmillingrolls, b b, which are so placed that by means of pressure-screws b b they may be made to compress and mill the surface of the wire after it leaves the straightening mechanism without causing the wire to bend orleave its direct line from the straightener to a pair of feed-jaws, b I). These feed jaws or dies b" If are placed between two standards or uprights of the carriage B, by means of which they are carried with the motion of the carriage to and fro. The feed-dies I) b are free to separate from each other in the standards, and are governed in their action by a spring, I). The inner surfaces of the feed-dies b b are so cut and roughened that they take hold of the wire and draw it from the coil in their forward movement; but being at a fixed distance from the milling-rolls b and straighteners b, and allof these being secured to the same carriage, B, and moving therewith, no part of the labor of straightening or milling the wire is thrown upon the feed-j aws If. The

carriage B is actuated by means of a lever,b".

connection I), and cam if, the cam or crank b being secured upon a shaft, 0, by means of set-screws or other adjustable fastenings, so that as the shaft 0 revolves the carriage B, with the straightening mechanism 7), milling mechanism 2), and feed mechanism If thereon, moves backward and forward, the feeding 111echanism,assisted by whatever friction there may be in the straightening and milling mechanisms,drawing the wire forward and passing itbetween the holding-dies or grippers. When the end of the wire is gripped by theholding dies, and while the head is being formed, the action of the cam b and its connections causes the carriage B, with the straightener b, milling mechanism 1), and feed-dies If, to return to their first position,ready to move forward and bring up the wire for another nail; but during this reverse movement the wire is held fast by the holding-dies, and thereby prevented from returning with the carriage B; consequently the straightening mechanism is forced back along the wire a distance sufficient for another nail, straightening the wire as it goes. In a sin1i- IOO along thewire a similar distance, boarding it as it goes, and the feed dies are also slipped back the length of a nail, ready to feed the wire forward with the next forward movement of the carriage B. Thus the labor of holding the wire against the action of the straightening and milling mechanisms is performed by the holding-dies, whilethe feeding movement proper, being relieved of this labor, works with far more accuracy and uniformity than it otherwise could.

Upon the frame A, and firmly secured thereto, is a vertical slide, D, in which are the holding-dies or grippers d and d.. The upper die, d,is secured in position by screws or otherwise, and adjusted to a proper level by means of the pressure-screw (Z and remains motionless. The lower die, d, is free to movein the slide D, and is actuated by means of a lever, 01, and

its connections, and is adjusted to the proper level by means of a pressure-screw, d, which governs its distance above the lever (1 The lever d is secured by a bolt, (P, to the frame Ain such a way that it may swing vertically, lifting the die d,and permitting it to fall as it returns. The other end of the lever d is secured by means of a bolt, (1, to a cam-lever, d, the bolt d being provided with spherically-formed male and female washers or heads and nuts, so arranged as to secure the levers d d together, but permit arocking motion of the bolt d, which is thus enabled to accommodate itself to the movement of the levers, while, by means of the screw and nut of the bolt d, the connection of the levers can be ad-' justed as required. The lever d works upon abolt or trunnion, d secured to the frame A, and carries at one end a roll, d which is acted upon by the cam d. The cam d is secured by means of setscrews or othersuitable fastenings upon the shaft O,with which it revolves. A spring, d ,isprovided,which holds the lever d up to the eam'd, and a stop-screw,d ,is provided in the frame A,by means of which the motion of the lever d can be limited as desired. Thus the levers d" and (2 together form a compound lever of such form that the cam d may be located on a part of the shaft where it does not interfere with the action of other and important movements of the machine, making the whole more compact and practical in its construction and more perfect in its action than it otherwise would be. The operation of this mechanism is such that when the wire is fed forward by the action of the feeding mechanism as described, the cam d causesthe compound lever d d to lift the die 01, grip- When the wire is fed forward by the carriage B and its connections, it is cut off and the point of the nail properly formed by means of the following mechanism: Upon the frame A are mounted two vertical slides, E E, which are adjusted-in ahorizontal direction by means of adjusting-screws e e, and secured, as adjusted, by means of bindingscrews 6' c e e.. Upon the slides E E are fitted carriages 6 6 which may be adjusted vertically by means of screws e e, and secured by binding-screws 6* e 6 6. These slides E E and carriages e e are adjusted to a proper position and remain stationary while the machine is in operation. Upon the carriages e e are fitted sliding carriages e 6 which are free to move in a horizontal direc tion across the path of the wire. To the sliding carriages e e are secured, by means of caps 6 6, cutting-dies 6 6 which are also provided with pressure adjusting screws e e By means of these various adjustments as described the edges of the cutting-dies e 6 may be made to meet in the center of the wire with great accuracy and precision, producing a perfect and uni-forn1 1-'esult, and also conducing to the durability and ease of action of the cutting-dies themselves. The sliding carriages e e are actuated by meansof levers e e, which, working upon bolts or studs secured in the frame A, are caused to vibrate by the action of cams 6 6 9. The cams 6 e are secured by set-screws or other adjustable fastenin gs upon the shaft 0, and revolve therewith. As the nail is cutoff by the cuttingdies described, it is struck and knocked through an opening in the frame A into any receptacle which may be placed under the machine, and the end of the wire, firmly gripped by the holding-dies, is presented to the header as the cutting-dies separate. This knocking-off or clearing process is performed by a rod or finger, E, which is attached to a rock-shaft, f, and cam-lever f. The rock.-v shaft f is supported in a journal-box secured to the frame A, and the cam-lever f 'is actuated by a cam, f properly adjusted by means of a set-screw, f upon the shaft 0. This cam f has a groove or track in which a friction roll or projection of the lever ftra-vels as the cam revolves, as shown at J, Figs. 1 and 2.- By means of this groove the cam f governs the motion to and fro of the lever f, holding the same at all times rigidly in whatever position the convolutions of said groove may place it, thus making what is known in the mechanic arts as a positive motion-that is to say, a definite and absolute movement not in any way dependent upon springs, gravity, or friction. The cam f can be adj usted. relatively to the cutting-oft and heading mechanisms soas to act sooner or later, as is required by different lengths or sizes of nails. The nail having been cut off and knocked out of the way, the cutting-dies recede and a heading die or punch, commonly called the header, G, is caused to compress the end ICC of the wire as held by the holding-dies, producing another head at a blow, when it recedes and the holding-dies open and the wire is advanced, as described. The header G is secured to a carriage, g, which is fitted to slide in guides a, secured to the frame A, and is actuated by an eccentric, cam, or crank formed upon the shaft 0, by means of a connecting-rod or pitman, g .in the usual manner. The shaft 0 is fitted in journal boxes or bearings a upon the frame A, and being rotated, as by means of a pulley'and belt or gearing, gives motion, as described, to all of the various mechanisms, making a complete automatic and efficient machine.

In this machine it will be seen that the accurate adjustment of the various moving parts, as cutting-oft and heading dies, and also of the holding, knocking-off, and feeding movements, both 'for location and direction, and also with regard to the relative time of their operations,is absolutely essential to produce good work with uniformity and rapidity, all of which are secured by the various adjustments above described.

Having thus described the nature and uses of our invention, what we claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is p 1. In a nail-making machine, the combination of the slides E, carriages c and their ad justing and binding screws 6, c, c, and 0, so constructed and arranged that the cutting-off dies 6 may be adjusted both vertically and horizontally by means of the same, substantially as herein shown and set forth.

2. In a nail-making machine, the compound lever d and (1 in combination with the press are-adjusting screws (1" and (1 the movable holding-die d, and fixed holding-die d, substantially as and for the purposes herein shown and described,

3. In anail-making machine, the combination of the milling-rolls b with the feeding, heading, and cutting-off mechanisms, as here in shown and described.

4. In a nail-making machine, the combina tion of the positively-acting knocking-off finger F and leverf with the adjustable cam f*, as herein shown and described.

Signed at New York, in the county of New York and State of New York, this 24th day of April, A. D. 1884-.

JOHN I-IASSALL.

MIN AND M. Sly 11TH.

Witnesses:

ALOHA VIVAR'ITAS, CHAS. RAETTIG. 

